A pilonidal cyst forms in the cleft at the top of the buttocks, near the tailbone (coccyx). Although the actual reason for this cyst is still unknown, there could be several potential causes that might have led to it. They are as follows :
- Hair Ingrowth: One of the primary causes of pilonidal cysts is hair penetration and ingrowth into the skin in the area. These hair follicles become blocked or irritated, thereby leading to the formation of a cyst or abscess.
- Poor Hygiene: Inadequate hygiene can be a contributing factor to such cysts. Sweat and dirt can accumulate in the cleft between the buttocks, which may further create an environment conducive to infection and cyst formation.
- Friction and Pressure: Friction and pressure may contribute to the development of pilonidal cysts. It could occur due to activities that involve sitting for extended periods, such as long drives or sitting at a desk. This is because all of them may create pressure and irritation in the sacrococcygeal area.
- Genetics: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to pilonidal cysts, and thus, it may run in the families.
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes at the time of puberty may increase the likelihood of developing pilonidal cysts in certain individuals.
- Obesity: Being overweight or obese may increase the risk of pilonidal cysts. This is because excess body weight can put additional pressure on your coccyx area.
- Tight Clothing: Wearing tight clothes, particularly in the buttocks area, can result in increased friction and pressure. These could be potential contributors to cyst formation.
- Trauma or Injury: Trauma or injury to the tailbone area may also lead to the development of a pilonidal cyst.
Although these factors may increase the risk of pilonidal cysts in an individual, the exact cause can vary from person to person. As soon as a pilonidal cyst is formed, it may lead to an infection, swelling, pain, and abscess formation.
Prevention
After undergoing pilonidal cyst excision, it’s essential to take proper precautions to ensure that you are able to go through a smooth and complication-free recovery phase. Pilonidal cyst surgery typically involves the removal of the cyst and possibly the affected tissue around the area. Here are some precautions and guidelines to follow after the surgery:
Follow the instructions of your surgeon post pilonidal cyst excision
You must adhere to the post-operative instructions provided by your surgeon. This is because they are the ones who will give you specific guidance tailored to your surgery and individual needs.
Manage your pain diligently
A pilonidal cyst excision surgery can be traumatic, particularly if the cyst comes back from time to time. Take prescribed pain medications as directed by your surgeon in order to manage the post-operative pain. You may also opt for various over-the-counter pain relievers.
Care your wound properly
It is essential to keep the surgical wound clean and dry. Follow your surgeon’s recommendations for wound care. Clean the wound with mild soap and water and change the dressings as instructed by your doctor.
Bathe with a little caution
Avoid soaking in a bathtub or swimming for a certain period of time after the pilonidal cyst excision has taken place. Instead, take showers to keep your wound dry.
Follow a proper diet
Maintain a balanced diet that is rich in fiber in order to prevent constipation. This is because straining at the time of bowel movements may put pressure on the surgical site. Thus, drink plenty of water and consume fiber-rich foods!
Take care of your hygiene
Keep the wounded area clean and dry. You may consider cleaning the area after each bowel movement gently with the use of warm water and mild, unscented soap.
Refrain yourself from sitting for a long span of time
Try to avoid sitting in the same area for extended periods. This is due to the fact that it will put pressure on the surgical area. In case you need to bear with a prolonged sitting, consider taking breaks in between, where you may stand for a while or walk around.
Note the signs of infection
You must watch for signs of infection with utmost care. Some of these signs may include increased redness, swelling, warmth, discharge, or worsening pain at the surgical site. Contact your surgeon immediately as soon as you suspect an infection.
How much time does one need to recover from a pilonidal cyst excision?
The recovery time for a pilonidal cyst infection can vary depending on the severity of the infection, the treatment provided, and other individual factors. A pilonidal cyst surgery recovery time can also differ based on whether the patient has undergone a chronic infection surgery or acute infection (abscess). Even if the wound gets healed, it is recommended to avoid doing any kind of strenuous activities such as prolonged sitting, heavy lifting, and more. You will have to endure the pain and discomfort during the process, but all of them will surface as soon as you get healed.
